{dev_notes}

WordPress Templates Post Time Get the time the post was published with get_the_time(). <?php echo get_the_time(‘F jS, Y’); ?> Post Time Advanced // Get the numberr of seconds past since the post was published. $total_seconds_since_pub = current_time(‘timestamp’) – get_the_time(‘U’); // Test if the post is older than 2 weeks. if ($total_seconds_since_pub < 1209600) { // […]

WordPress Templates Page Title Tag <h1><?php # Default value. $ww_pageTitle = ”; if( is_404() ){ $ww_pageTitle = ‘404 Page Not Found’; } elseif( is_search() ){ if( get_search_query() == ” ){ $ww_pageTitle = ‘Search Results for Everything’; } else { $ww_pageTitle = ‘Search Results for: “‘ . get_search_query() . ‘”‘; } } elseif( is_home() ){ $ww_pageTitle […]

WordPress Templates WordPress debugging mode displays PHP notices during development. It is strongly recommended that plugin and theme developers use WP_DEBUG in their development environments. Debugging in WordPress (codex.wordpress.org) define(‘WP_DEBUG’, true); define(‘WP_DEBUG_LOG’, true);

WordPress Templates Conditional Tags Conditional Tags are used within themes to query weather conditions are true or not. WP function Returns true if: is_404() The request returns an “HTTP 404: Not Found” error. is_admin() The request is for the admin Dashboard or the administration panel. is_archive() The request is for any type of archive page. […]

WordPress Templates The Loop in WordPress. // Does “The Loop” have posts? if (have_posts()) { // Get “The Loop”. while(have_posts()) { // Get the post data. $postData = the_post(); // Display post data with tags. } // If no posts are found… } else { echo ‘<p>Sorry, nothing here.</p>’; }

WordPress Templates A sidebar is an area of a theme that can contain widgets and menus. An administrator can place and customize widgets and menus in the sidebar via the dashboard. Display the assigned contents of a sidebar in a template file with dynamic_sidebar(). Sidebars (codex.wordpress.org) Register a Sidebar Register a sidebar with the register_sidebar() […]

WordPress Templates There are many different types of content in WordPress. A records content type is described as its Post Type. For example, a regular WP post record has the specific Post Type post, and a page record has the page Post Type. Internally, all of the types of content are stored in the same […]

Template Info Description Theme Development A WordPress theme is the set of files containing PHP and HTML which sit on-top of the core WordPress application and convert its raw response data in to usable web pages. Themes determine the look and functionality of a WordPress website. Templates Templates hold the page layout logic and use […]

WordPress Templates Template files are PHP files used to render web pages for a WordPress theme and can be a mixture of HTML, CSS, JS and PHP code. Template files can include other template files, the include is called a Partial. One partial can be embedded in multiple template files, simplifying theme creation. PHP WP […]

WordPress Templates When developing an extendable theme for public distribution it’s best to stick to the WP Template Hierarchy. If the theme is not extendable, the Template Hierarchy can be bypassed with a custom-made router in the index.php file for tight access control over the WP system. The WordPress function get_template_part() can be used to […]

WordPress Templates A navigation menu is basically a region given a unique ID within the theme template which can have a menu assigned to it from the WP admin panel. Register The Menu All navigation menus must first be registered in the functions.php theme file. Registering a menu is done with the register_nav_menu() function called […]

WordPress Templates Post Thumbnail, also called the Featured Image, is an image that is chosen as the representative image for a Post, Page or Custom Post Type. The Post Thumbnails feature can be enabled by calling the add_theme_support(‘post-thumbnails’) function from the theme functions.php file. At least one default thumbnail size must be defined, but any […]

WordPress Theme Development The style.css file is required and contains the WordPress Theme File Header formatted as a standard CSS doc-block comment. Only the Theme Name and Template are required for WP to detect and use a theme, however a standard theme usually comes with a Description, Author, and Version as well. If you plan […]

WordPress Templates Prevent automatic WordPress upgrades. Config WP Updates (codex.wordpress.org) # Disable all automatic WP updates. define(‘AUTOMATIC_UPDATER_DISABLED’, true); # Disable automatic WordPress plugin updates: add_filter( ‘auto_update_plugin’, ‘__return_false’ ); # Disable automatic WordPress theme updates: add_filter( ‘auto_update_theme’, ‘__return_false’ ); add_filter( ‘automatic_updater_disabled’, ‘__return_true’ ); add_filter( ‘auto_update_plugin’, ‘__return_false’ ); add_filter( ‘auto_update_theme’, ‘__return_false’ ); add_filter( ‘auto_update_translation’, ‘__return_false’ );

WordPress Development Templates hold the page layout logic and use and include template files to build the front-end (HTML page) for a request. Templates also define Menu and Sidebar sections; areas of the page where Menus and Widgets can be placed by an admin user. index.php is the primary fall-back template file for WordPress and […]

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/CSS_Grid_Layout/Basic_Concepts_of_Grid_Layout

meyerweb.com/eric/tools/css/reset/ piccalil.li/blog/a-modern-css-reset

Rewrite rule structure: RewriteRule pattern target [Flag1,Flag2,Flag3] Pattern Target Flags Flags are included in square brackets at the end of the rule, and multiple flags are separated by commas. Flag Description L Stop the rewriting process immediately and don’t apply any more rules. NC No Case. Use of the NC flag causes the RewriteRule to […]

See: http://www.agiledata.org/essays/tdd.html

Create a New User CREATE USER `my_app_user`@localhost IDENTIFIED BY ‘my_app_user_passord’; Verify the user exists SELECT DISTINCT User FROM mysql.user; +————-+ | User | +————-+ | root | | my_app_user | +————-+ 2 rows in set (0.002 sec) Get the users hashed password Get the users hashed password in order to grant privileges. Here, the users […]

Alert Alert a message to the browser. alert(‘You are being alerted!’); Confirm Open a confirmation message in the browser. if( confirm(‘Are you sure?’) ) { // Continue… } Console Log Log text or objects to the console. // Text console.log( ‘loggin text here’ ); // Object console.log( myObj ); // Testing for ‘window.console’ prevents errors […]

Scaling an element while retaining it’s aspect ratio relies on the surprising fact that padding-top percentages are relative to width. This div scales responsively at a 16:9 aspect ratio. HTML <div class=”wrapper”> <div class=”main”> This div scales responsively at a 16:9 aspect ratio. </div> </div> CSS .wrapper { width: 100%; /* whatever width you want […]

In order to instantiate a PHP class defined in a separate file, that file must be included or required into the file currently being executed. Using include_once(), require() or any other variation to pull-in class files will work, but it will not scale well if the app adds features and or libraries. With this pattern […]

Leading zeroes // Prints a leading zero if the `$number` is a single digit. echo sprintf(‘%02d’, $number); Variables in strings Variable echo “The quick brown fox $my_variable over the lazy dog.\n”; Array echo “The quick brown fox {$my_array[‘animal_action’]} over the lazy dog.\n”; Class property echo “The quick brown fox $my_class->my_text_var over the lazy dog.\n”;

301 Moved Permanently <?php header(“Location: http://domain.tld/new/location/”, true, 301); exit; ?>

If your string contains a “, ‘, :, or ; character in any of the array values the serialization will get corrupted. In order to avoid this, always base64 encode and decode along with serializing. // Safely serialize. $safe_string_to_store = base64_encode(serialize($array)); // Safely unserialize… $array_restored_from_db = unserialize(base64_decode($array));

/** * Convert bytes to proper abbreviation. */ private function format_bytes($bytes, $precision = 2) { $units = array(‘B’, ‘KB’, ‘MB’, ‘GB’, ‘TB’); $bytes = max($bytes, 0); $pow = floor(($bytes ? log($bytes) : 0) / log(1024)); $pow = min($pow, count($units) – 1); $bytes /= pow(1024, $pow); return round($bytes, $precision) . ‘ ‘ . $units[$pow]; }

Setup AWS Credentials If it does not already exist, make an .aws directory in the current users home (~/) directory. mkdir ~/.aws Create the credentials file inside the .aws directory: nano ~/.aws/credentials Put the AWS account login credentials into the file: [default] aws_access_key_id = ZKOLJQC7IB5JHEKCWLAV aws_secret_access_key = D92I6o89ks2F3g2PFn24hGSCmoK9FByeDZyhDAES S3 Test App Create the aws_test.php file […]

Composer is a tool for dependency management in PHP. Declare what libraries a project depends on and Composer will manage (install/update) them for you. Composer is not a package manager like Yum or Apt are. Yes, it deals with “packages” or libraries, but it manages them on a per-project basis, installing them in a directory […]

Process Forking In multitasking operating systems, processes (running programs) need a way to create new processes, e.g. to run other programs. fork is an operation whereby a process creates a copy of itself which runs concurrently. Forking is typically the only way of launching new processes in Unix-like systems and is required for compliance with […]

Setup an AWS Cloud LAMP stack. Before you begin, be sure that you’ve got access to AWS account Amazon EC2. Make and Launch an EC2 Instance https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/EC2_GetStarted.html An instance is a virtual server in the AWS Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2). You launch an instance from an Amazon Machine Image (AMI). The AMI provides the operating […]

Update apt packages First use the apt-get alternative apt to update the packages index by typing: sudo apt update Install MariaDB Once the packages list is updated, install MariaDB by running the following command: sudo apt install mariadb-server The MariaDB service will start automatically. Verify MariaDB is running sudo systemctl status mariadb You should see […]

About Revision Control System (RCS) is an early version control system released in 1982 by Walter F. Tichy at Purdue University. It is a set of UNIX commands that allow multiple users to develop and maintain program code or documents. With RCS, users can make their own revisions of a document, commit changes, and merge […]

Decode a JSON File function get_json_file($file_path) { if (file_exists($file_path)) { return json_decode(file_get_contents($file_path)); } return false; }

Delegated An event-delegation approach to on attaches an event handler to only one outer element #my-nav, and the inner element’s event (click on a.item) only bubbles up one level. This also allows you to dynamically add new a.item elements to #my-nav which will immediately bind. $(‘#’ + target_id).on(‘click’, ‘a.item’, function(e) { e.preventDefault(); // Stops the […]

Posting Data NOTE: POSTing data to a URL which gets rewritten can cause the query parameters to get lost. Ajax request handler function /** * POSTs an ajax request and handles the json response * * Takes a URL, the post-data, and a callback function and subclass name. * An asynchronous request is sent to […]

##### Windows # Windows thumbnail cache files Thumbs.db Thumbs.db:encryptable ehthumbs.db ehthumbs_vista.db # Dump file *.stackdump # Folder config file [Dd]esktop.ini # Recycle Bin used on file shares $RECYCLE.BIN/ # Windows Installer files *.cab *.msi *.msix *.msm *.msp # Windows shortcuts *.lnk ##### Linux *~ # temporary files which can be created if a process still […]

DocBloc Examples Single line comment // Double forward slash will comment everything after it. Multi-line comment Multi-line comments must not begin with /** (double asterisk) as the parser might mistake it for a DocBlock. Use /* (single asterisk) instead. /* * This is a comment that is long enough to warrant being stretched over * […]

Python Python is a general-purpose interpreted, interactive, object-oriented, and high-level programming language. It can be used for everything from web and software development to scientific applications. Anaconda Anaconda is a free and open-source distribution of the Python and R programming languages for scientific computing. The distribution aims to simplify package management and deployment for Windows, […]

The Hardware The Motherboard BIOS RAM The Software Operating System Kernel https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/difference-between-operating-system-and-kernel/ Applications

The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) is a vendor-neutral, request-response protocol used to maintain distributed directory info. Active Directory (AD), for example, is the proprietary directory service provided by Microsoft. LDAP allows servers to communicate with Active Directory using queries to find, view, or edit information. Distributed Directories, directory information services, or just Directories are […]

HTTPS Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) is an extension of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). HTTPS creates a secure channel over an insecure network, and is widely used on the Internet. HTTPS utilizes the TLS protocol to send data over a network. TLS and SSL Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) are […]

Authentication vs Authorization Authentication is the act of verifying an identity—making sure a user is who they say they are. Often times when people talk about app security, they confuse the concepts of Authentication and Authorization, or use them interchangeably. But they are actually independent and orthogonal ideas, and understanding the difference between them is […]

About OpenSSL is an open-source command line tool that is commonly used to generate private keys, create CSRs, install your SSL/TLS certificate, and identify certificate information. OpenSSL is usually included in most Linux distributions. On Windows it is a bit trickier as you need to install a pre-compiled binary to get started. Version and Info […]

The Apache HTTP Server, colloquially called Apache, is a free and open-source cross-platform web server software. Apache is developed and maintained by an open community of developers under the auspices of the Apache Software Foundation. Virtual Hosts The term Virtual Host refers to the practice of running more than one web site (such as company1.example.com […]

More Resources unix.stackexchange.com https://www.thegeekdiary.com/unix-linux-what-is-a-shell-what-are-different-shells/ https://www.tutorialspoint.com/unix/unix-shell.htm

Bash is the shell, or CLI (Command Language Interpreter) for the Linux operating system. A shell defines the environment in which the user can execute programs, and accepts commands from the keyboard and executes them. User Profiles When you work with the command line frequently you will want to customize the environment. This can mean […]

XAMPP is a completely free, easy to install Apache distribution containing MariaDB, PHP, and Perl. The XAMPP open source package has been set up to be incredibly easy to install and to use. Privileges An account with admin access is required to install and configure XAMPP on Mac. This does not mean running as an […]

The Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) defines the directory structure and directory contents for Linux distributions. It is maintained by the Linux Foundation. Although each Linux distribution has its own quirks, the majority mostly conform to the FHS. The top-level hierarchical directory on a linux file system is called the root (/). Directories directly under root […]

About grep is a string and pattern matching utility that displays matching lines found in files using common regular expressions. It can also work with piped output from other commands. The utility was named after the ed command string g/re/p, which translates as “global regular expression search.” Syntax: grep <search pattern> <location> Examples Find a […]

About The find command returns the file paths of files which match the search criteria. Find searches by file name and file meta data (size, time, owner, etc). To search based on file content, use grep. Syntax: find <options> <starting path> <expression> options attribute will control the behavior and optimization method of the find process. […]

jQuery Arrays var my_array = [52, 97]; $.each(my_array, function(index, value) { console.log(index + “: ” + value); }); Objects var obj = { “flammable”: “inflammable”, “duh”: “no duh” }; $.each(obj, function(key, value) { console.log(key + “: ” + value); });

The Network Information Service, or NIS, is a client–server directory service protocol for distributing system configuration data such as user and host names between computers on a computer network. Sun Microsystems developed the NIS; the technology is licensed to virtually all other Unix vendors. The Network Information Service (NIS) provides a simple network lookup service […]

About Extensions are small event-based software programs that tailor the functionality and behavior of the Google Chrome browser. Extensions are built with HTML, JavaScript, and CSS, and work by listening for events, or browser triggers, such as clicking the extension icon, navigating to a new page, downloading a file, removing a bookmark, or closing a […]

About Google Fonts Font Display https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400,400i,700,700i&display=fallback https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2016/02/font-display More Resources https://www.litmus.com/blog/the-ultimate-guide-to-web-fonts/ https://fonts.google.com/

.icon { opacity: 0; transition: opacity 0.3s ease 0s; } .icon.active { opacity: 1; } https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/transition-property https://www.w3schools.com/css/css3_transitions.asp

It’s possible to color embedded SVG graphics with CSS. CSS: svg { width: 2.5rem; height: 2.5rem; } svg path { fill: #000; } Inline SVG: <div class=”user-icon”> <svg version=”1.1″ id=”Layer_1″ xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/2000/svg” xmlns:xlink=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink” x=”0px” y=”0px” width=”512px” height=”512px” viewBox=”0 0 512 512″ enable-background=”new 0 0 512 512″ xml:space=”preserve”> <path fill=”#020201″ d=”M454.426,392.582c-5.439-16.32-15.298-32.782-29.839-42.362c-27.979-18.572-60.578-28.479-92.099-39.085 c-7.604-2.664-15.33-5.568-22.279-9.7c-6.204-3.686-8.533-11.246-9.974-17.886c-0.636-3.512-1.026-7.116-1.228-10.661 c22.857-31.267,38.019-82.295,38.019-124.136c0-65.298-36.896-83.495-82.402-83.495c-45.515,0-82.403,18.17-82.403,83.468 c0,43.338,16.255,96.5,40.489,127.383c-0.221,2.438-0.511,4.876-0.95,7.303c-1.444,6.639-3.77,14.058-9.97,17.743 c-6.957,4.133-14.682,6.756-22.287,9.42c-31.521,10.605-64.119,19.957-92.091,38.529c-14.549,9.58-24.403,27.159-29.838,43.479 c-5.597,16.938-7.886,37.917-7.541,54.917h205.958h205.974C462.313,430.5,460.019,409.521,454.426,392.582z”/> </svg> […]

¯\_(ツ)_/¯ Mellow, shrug ? (´ー｀) (´～｀) (╯°□°)╯ Table flip ^(;,;)^ Cthulhu More Resources https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_emoticons

The chmod command sets the permissions of files or directories. chmod <options> <permissions> <file name> sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/my_website There are two ways to represent permissions Octal numbers (the digits 0, 1, 2, 4, 5, and 7) Symbols (alphanumeric characters) Octal numbers Octal permissions notation uses a pattern of three single-digit numbers to define […]

Rules of Thumb Make <h1> the main heading of your page, then use <h2> through <h6>, etc. in a proper hierarchy without skipping levels. <section> can be used with aria-label to signal to a screen reader user where a particular sub-part of an article begins and ends. Otherwise, forget about it, or use another element, […]

Only values from form elements with a name attribute will be submitted. Likewise, the name attribute becomes the name of the key for the value in the request.

The REST (Representational state transfer) model separates the API into logical resources. These resources are manipulated using HTTP requests where the method (GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, DELETE) has specific meaning. Before Development Before creating a public API for a web app, some requirements should be considered: The data model must be relatively stable It can […]

An HTML Document is a text file written for web browsers to read. Absolute Basic HTML5 Document The absolute basic HTML structure needed to define a document: <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang=”en”> <head> <meta charset=”utf-8″> <title>Doc Title</title> </head> <body> <!– Document content goes here. –> </body> </html> Basic HTML5 Document Same as the most basic HTML […]

The Apache web server can use virtual hosts (similar to server blocks in Nginx) to encapsulate configuration details and host more than one domain from a single server. Prerequisites You must have a regular, non-root user with sudo privileges configured on the server. A Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) pointing to the server. Running an […]

JavaScript modules are the best way to organize code which will be used in the wild.

The HTML script tag is used to identify and run javaScript code. The browser reads each script tag in the order in which it appears in the document. The javascript defined by a script tag is compiled and run immediately after the tag is recognized by the browser. There is no limit to the number […]

The JavaScript Programming Language Script Tags JavaScript Modules

Webhooks send real-time data from one application to another whenever a specified event occurs. The “event” is a process which runs inside App A. This can be a login, a purchase, a timed event, anything really. App A holds a list of URLs called “webhook URLs” which point to other applications which have requested to […]

Programming is the act of defining the operations needed to achieve a desired outcome. A programming language defines the vocabulary and set of grammatical rules which comprise a set of instructions for how to implement a program. A computer programming language specifically instructs a computer or computing device to perform computations or run algorithms. Programming […]

Version control is a system that records changes to files over time. Software developers use version control software to maintain current and historical versions of files such as source code, web pages, and documentation. With version control a versioned file can be restored to a previous state. Git Git is a free and open source […]

echo ‘<pre>’; print_r($this); echo ‘<pre>’; exit; Dev Bookmark —————- echo ‘PARSING in ‘ . __FILE__ . ‘ on line ‘ . __LINE__; error_log(‘PARSING in ‘ . __FILE__ . ‘ on line ‘ . __LINE__, 0); // LOGGING Class Info —————- echo ‘<pre>$GLOBALS: ‘; if (isset($GLOBALS)) { print_r($GLOBALS);} else { echo ‘$GLOBALS NOT SET’;} echo ‘</pre>’; […]

PHP Version php -v php.ini The PHP configuration file (php.ini) is read when PHP starts up. For the server module versions of PHP, this happens only once when the web server is started. For the CGI and CLI versions, it happens on every invocation. There are a number of possible PHP configuration files, each for […]

Messages need a severity level 0 emergencies System is unusable. 1 alert Immediate action is needed. 2 critical Critical conditions. 3 error Error conditions. 4 warning Warning conditions. 5 notification Normal but significant conditions. 6 informational Informational messages only. 7 debugging Debugging messages only.

About JavaScript, often abbreviated as JS, and also known as ES6 is the primary programming language for web browsers. JavaScript can update and change both HTML and CSS. JavaScript can calculate, manipulate and validate data. JavaScript can make HTTP requests without refreshing the browser window (AJAX). JavaScript is an object-oriented, prototype-based and text-based scripting language. […]

There are multiple versions of php.ini used depending on the sever configurations. php.ini is located in several different directories of an active PHP version. The correct one to use depends on the sever configurations and use case. Find the active PHP directory Search for the current PHP directory: php -i | grep “Loaded Configuration File” […]

Extensions APIs Name Description Definition chrome.pageAction Use the chrome.pageAction API to put icons in the main Google Chrome toolbar, to the right of the address bar. Page actions represent actions that can be taken on the current page, but that aren’t applicable to all pages. Page actions appear grayed out when inactive. “page_action”: {…}

System Settings Hot Corners Goto System Preferences > Mission Control > Hot Corners. In the top-left, set to Mission Control. In the top-right, set to Application Windows. Click OK. Format the Time Click on the time in the upper-right hand corner of the desktop. Click Open Date and Time Preferences…. Go to the Clock tab. […]

About Commands Parameters and Flags A single hyphen (-) can be followed by multiple single-character flags. A double hyphen (–) prefixes a single, multi-character option. Consider this example: tar -czf In this example, -czf specifies three single-character flags: c, z, and f. Now consider another example: tar –exclude In this case, –exclude specifies a single, […]

JS and CSS files should be loaded into a template file using the wp_enqueue_script() and wp_enqueue_style() functions from the themes functions.php file. Do not write link tags in the header.php template file. Enqueued files are pulled-in with the wp_head() template function. Enqueuing ensures proper loading and caching, and allows the use of conditional tags to […]

┌── ln(1) link, ln — make links │ ┌── Create a symbolic link (instead of a hard link). │ │ ┌── the optional path to the intended symlink │ │ │ if omitted, symlink is in . named as destination │ │ │ can use . or ~ or other relative paths │ │ ┌─────┴────────┐ […]

Main Site Nav The main site navigation menu can be put anywhere on a page, it just needs to be wrapped with the nav tag. It should never be put inside a main tag, unless the navigation is specific to that page. main elements are specific to a page, while headers and footers are generally […]

A daemon is a long-running (runs continuously as long as the system is running) background process that answers requests for services. Daemons don’t have a direct user interface. The term originated with Unix, but most operating systems use daemons in some form or another. In Unix, the names of daemons conventionally end in “d”. Some […]

Cron cron is a system daemon which manages time-based job scheduling on Linux operating systems. The app runs every minute and inspects a set of predefined directories for tasks which need to be run at given intervals. A cron job can be scheduled to run by on the minute, hour, day of the month, month, […]

Apache Subversion is a software versioning and revision control system distributed as open source under the Apache License. Software developers use Subversion to maintain current and historical versions of files such as source code, web pages, and documentation. https://subversion.apache.org/ http://svnbook.red-bean.com/ http://maverick.inria.fr/~Xavier.Decoret/resources/svn/ Common Commands Checkout a remote repo Checkout the my_repo SVN repo starting from its […]

About Perl is a general-purpose programming language originally developed for text manipulation and now used for a wide range of tasks including system administration, web development, network programming, GUI development, and more. Using Perl In order to use Perl on a machine, it must be installed. The Perl installation basically consists of the Perl compiler, […]

Regular expressions are strings called patterns with very particular syntax and meaning. Patterns are used to determine if some other string, called the target, has (or doesn’t have) the characteristics specified by the pattern. https://www.cs.wcupa.edu/rkline/index/regular-expressions.html

WordPress Development Theme A WordPress theme is the set of files containing PHP and HTML which sit on-top of the core WordPress application and convert its raw response data in to usable web pages. Themes determine the look and functionality of a WordPress website. A theme defines the presentation or theming layer of the WordPress […]

Sidebars In WordPress a sidebar (also known as a widget area or a widget-ready area) is any region of the page that can contain widgets. The Sidebars theme feature allows admin users to assign widgets to widget areas defined by a theme. There is no default widget area in a WP theme. The number of […]

A navigation menu is a list of links to important pages of a website. Navigation menus give your site structure and help visitors find what they’re looking for. Menu Locations In WordPress Navigation Menus or just Menus are a theme feature which allow admin users of a WP site to create navigation menus and then […]

Instantiate a class and then call a method: $my_class = new my_class(); $my_value = $my_class->get_value(); Instantiate a class and call a method in one line (PHP 5.4+): $my_value = (new my_class)->get_value();

Initial configurations Settings Goto Settings > General. Verify the Site Title and Tagline. If changes are made click the Save Changes button. Goto Settings > Discussion. Under Default post settings uncheck Allow people to submit comments on new posts. Under Other comment settings check Users must be registered and logged in to comment. Under Before […]

Web Security Issues XSS – Cross-Site Scripting Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a type of computer security vulnerability typically found in Web applications. XSS enables attackers to inject client-side script into Web pages viewed by other users. The media has helped make cross-site scripting (XSS) a familiar term, and the attention is deserved. It is one […]

Sublime Text 3 is a very simple yet powerfully extensible text editor. The basic app is only 16 MB, but the real power comes from installing packages which extend functionality. Documentation is at http://www.sublimetext.com/docs/3/ and http://docs.sublimetext.info/en/latest/index.html. Setup Sublime Text 3 Download Sublime Download Sublime Text 3 from sublimetext.com. Install the app on your OS. The […]

Common datatypes Types Description Default Value BLOB BLOB (Binary Large OBject) and TEXT hold large values. BLOB values are treated as binary strings (byte strings) and can hold anything from text to file data (images, PDF’s, etc.). TEXT strings are treated as non-binary character strings. BLOB and TEXT columns cannot have DEFAULT values. Sizes: TINYBLOB […]

PHP date format parameters PHP global time zones PHP American time zones Datetime Get the current UTC Date-Time $utc_date_and_time = gmdate(“Y-m-d H:i:s”); Convert to UTC /* * @param string $local_datetime A datetime string. * @param string $local_time_zone A timezone identifier, like `UTC`, `Africa/Lagos`, * etc. The list of valid identifiers is available in * the […]

Sending email messages is a common task for web applications. You can use the built-in PHP mail() function to dynamically create and send email messages to one or more recipients. The mail() function is a part of the PHP core but to use it you must have a mail server setup on your domain. Mail […]

$i = 1; $i++; echo $i; // 2 $i = 1; $i += 1; echo $i; // 2 $s = ‘s’; $s++; echo $s; // t $s = ‘s’; $s += 1; echo $s; // 1

A falsey value is considered false when encountered in a Boolean context. A truthy value is considered true when encountered in a Boolean context. The idea of truthy and falsey values allow comparison between what would otherwise be two incomparable data types in a programming language. For instance, in PHP you can compare a number […]

Create a default PHP info file to test PHP configurations. sudo nano /var/www/html/info.php Add this content to the files and save: <?php phpinfo❨❩; ?> Visit the URL: http://mydomain.com/info.php Remove the info file after your done to ensure security: sudo rm /var/www/html/info.php

Working with cURL requires the use of these methods: curl_init(); // Initialize a cURL session. curl_setopt(); // Changes the cURL session behavior with options. curl_exec❨❩; // Executes the started cURL session. curl_close(); // Closes the cURL session and deletes the variable made by curl_init();